国务院批转国家体改委、商业部、财政部关于深化国营商业体制和供销合作社体制改革意见的通知

作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-07-05 08:36:10   浏览:8099   来源:法律资料网
下载地址: 点击此处下载

国务院批转国家体改委、商业部、财政部关于深化国营商业体制和供销合作社体制改革意见的通知

国务院


国务院批转国家体改委、商业部、财政部关于深化国营商业体制和供销合作社体制改革意见的通知
国务院


国务院同意国家体改委、商业部、财政部《关于深化国营商业体制改革的意见》和《关于深化供销合作社体制改革的意见》,现转发给你们,请结合本地具体情况贯彻落实。
国营商业和供销合作社的体制改革,是整个经济体制改革的重要组成部分,各级人民政府要精心指导,组织商业、供销部门切实抓好。各级财政、税收、银行、物价、工商行政管理等部门要密切配合,不断完善改革的配套措施。为了进一步深化商业改革,还要积极探索,不断总结经验
,把商品流通搞活、搞好,保持国内市场的繁荣稳定,促进有计划商品经济的发展。

国家体改委、商业部、财政部关于深化国营商业体制改革的意见(1987年4月23日)
党的十一届三中全会以来,商业体制改革取得了成绩,初步形成了多种经济形式、多种经营方式、多种流通渠道和经营环节减少的商品流通格局,在落实国营商业小型企业“改、转、租”,探索新的商业形式,以及发展横向联合等方面,都取得了进展,促进了市场的活跃、繁荣。但是
,由于中国式的商品流通模式正在探索之中,已经进行的改革尚不完善,还存在不少问题。主要是国营商业企业活力不够,“大锅饭”未真正打破,自我发展能力薄弱;市场体系不完善,市场运行机制不灵;政企职责不分,调节手段不够等。
为了解决上述问题,深化国营商业体制改革,要继续贯彻落实国务院有关文件精神,坚持公有制为基础和所有权与经营权分开的原则,以增强企业活力为中心,区别行业特点和企业规模,实行多种管理形式和经营方式的改革,使企业真正成为自主经营,自负盈亏的经济实体,发挥国营
商业在市场上的主导作用。具体意见是:
一、努力增强国营大中型商业企业活力  近几年来,国营大中型商业企业(包括批发企业)推行各种形式的责任制虽有较大进展,但企业活力问题还没有根本解决,需要进一步改革。
(一)改革的重点是有计划、有步骤地在大中型商业企业、饮食服务企业推行承包经营责任制。承包形式可以多种多样,承包时要认真搞好财产评估,基数要订得合理。对企业承包后多得的利润,要注意防止过多地转到生活消费上去。为搞好这项改革,应相应改革领导体制和分配、劳
动制度。实行经理负责制,经理是企业的法定代表人,起中心作用,对企业的人、财、物和产、供、销全权负责。逐步建立适合企业特点的、与经济效益相联系的工资分配办法。认真贯彻执行国务院关于劳动制度改革的规定,对现有职工分期分批进行培训,经过培训仍不符合上岗要求的,
另行安排适当工作。
对留利水平低、确有困难的大中型商业企业,可给予适当的减免调节税照顾。具体哪些该照顾和照顾多少,由当地财政和商业部门商定。
(二)在中型零售商业企业试办租赁制。各省、自治区、直辖市可选择一两个零售商业中型企业进行试点,总结经验。试点采取集体租赁形式,选举产生企业管理机构,同企业主管部门签订租赁合同,并由公证部门公证,承担法律责任。原有职工除自谋职业者外,原则上由企业消化。

租赁企业所有制不变,职工身份不变。
(三)各地已经试办的股份制企业,可以继续试办,并认真总结经验。除企业之间互相参股外,今年不再增加新的股份制试点企业。
二、进一步搞好国营小型商业企业的改革继续贯彻《国务院批转国家体改委、商业部等单位关于一九八六年商业体制改革几个问题报告的通知》(国发〔1986〕56号)的有关政策,已经转为集体所有制的企业,要巩固提高;已经改为国家所有、集体经营的企业,可以不变,也可
以实行租赁制经营;未转未改的企业,要大力推行租赁制经营。
(一)国营小型企业实行租赁制,要从饮食、服务、修理、副食品行业逐步向百货、五金、交电、储运等行业扩展。实行租赁时,应以本店职工租赁为主,也可以向社会租赁,但都要进行公开招标。为使承租者有发展企业的长远打算,租赁期可以适当长些。
对小型租赁企业,在一九八七年至一九八八年两年内免征奖金税。为控制小型租赁企业消费基金增长过快,由财政部会同商业部制定具体办法,下达执行。对租赁企业除了要确定合理的租赁费外,还要规定合理的积累和分配比例,指导他们把留利尽可能多地用于扩大生产和经营,并按
有关规定征收个人收入调节税。承租者对企业财产、经营负全面责任,其收入可适当高于本店职工。租赁企业要按规定交纳退休统筹金,财产要参加社会保险。实行租赁的企业,要进行清产核资。对有问题资金和商品贬值损失,经财政、银行和企业主管部门核定后,由承租企业挂帐,其挂
帐损失在租赁费中扣除。清产核资后新发生的问题,由承租者负责。
(二)原国营归口管理的集体商业企业要通过合股形式,办成真正的集体所有制企业。国营转为集体所有制的小型企业,占用的固定资产和流动资金要按规定期限偿还给国家,偿还后的财产归集体所有,并可以吸收企业内部职工入股,实行股金分红。集体财产不能抽走,职工离店时个
人股金允许抽回。
(三)对地处偏僻、长期亏损的小门点,可以公开拍卖。拍卖小企业,按现值评估财产,并要考虑一定的“级差”收入。国营职工购买小企业后,取消国营职工身份和待遇,成为个体工商业者。原店职工,愿意并经同意继续留店工作的,不再保留国营职工身份;不愿留店的,允许自谋
职业,或由其上级主管部门安排工作。原有退休职工,由购买者按当地人民政府规定交纳退休统筹金。与拍卖有关的财务问题,按财政部的有关规定办理。
三、深入改革国营批发商业
国营批发体系要由国营批发公司、工业自销网络、贸易中心、批发市场、商社集团等多种形式组成。经营实体主要在市、县,同一城市同一行业允许存在多家独立、平等的国营批发企业。为保证宏观指导和调节有秩序地进行,在交叉经营的同时,要有适当商品分工。
(一)大中城市的国营批发企业要根据商品生产社会化、专业化的要求,因地制宜进行改革。批发企业内部可以专业划细、分部经营核算,可以按商品组成自主经营、自负盈亏的经济实体。地区之间、行业之间可以试办松散型的企业集团。交通方便、经济比较发达的县(市)专业批发

企业可以批零兼营,其他县(市)的专业批发企业可以改为综合批发,批零兼营,有的也可以转向经营零售业务为主。兼营批发。基层食品购销站,可以实行承包经营,也可以仿照小型企业办法进行改革。
(二)中心城市的贸易中心要坚持开放和服务的原则,探索以其为常设商品交易市场的改革,创造条件逐步取代现行供应会。要根据需要发展城市批发市场、小商品市场。
(三)建立新的批发商业。在横向联合中出现的新的批发商业形式,已显示出生命力。要突破行业、部门、地区和所有制的界限,通过互相参股,组成自主经营、自负盈亏、自定分配的批发企业。
(四)发展多种批发方式,开展灵活经营。一是商业批发企业可以与生产企业联营,发展产销一体的厂商型批发商业。二是大中城市批发企业要建立辐射网络,可在外地设分号,或发展企业之间的联合。三是可在城市之间大中型零售企业联合的基础上,建立若干批零兼营的集团性企业
。在集团内部各企业之间互相参股,批发联利挂钩,发挥集团性企业在大城市的骨干作用。随着集团本部服务等功能的健全,逐步向综合商社发展。四是国营批发企业可以发展代理、试办经纪业务,也可以由改革后富余人员重新组合,经工商行政管理部门批准,专门从事商品运输和结转帐
货等项代理业务,为产销双方提供服务。
(五)现有国营商业企业的仓储、运输设施可以向社会开放,组建为独立自主、自负盈亏的经济实体。
四、逐步进行价格改革
为适应市场开放搞活的需要,在保持物价基本稳定的基础上,有领导地稳步地进行价格改革。
(一)有计划、有步骤地将现行以进货地批发价为基础的“固定倒扣”调拨作价办法改为顺加,即以工厂出厂价格为基础,进入流通环节,由商业批零企业按照进价加合理的费用、税金、利润,顺加作价。目前已经放开的小商品和自行车等十一种商品,实行顺加作价;属于国家定价和
国家指导价商品,要按照物价管理权限,经过批准后、结合价格调整逐步转为顺加作价。
(二)逐步拉开各种差价。季节差价原则上要能补偿季节储备期间所支付的合理费用、利润和商品损耗。要认真贯彻优质优价原则,适当拉开质量差价(包括等级差价、品质差价、新老产品差价、花色差价等),鼓励企业增产名牌优质、适销对路商品。
(三)有控制地逐步放开饮食服务业价格。放开价格要把定价权真正放给企业,由企业按政策规定自主定价。饮食服务业也要推行质量差价,拉开服务档次。
国家体改委、商业部、财政部关于深化供销合作社体制改革的意见(1987年4月23日)
党的十一届三中全会以来,供销合作社体制改革有了显著进展,为农村商品生产服务有所加强,横向经济联合已经起步,单一的经营方式开始改变,企业管理制度有所改革,社会效益和企业效益有所提高。但是,供销合作社的服务领域和服务效能还不适应农村商品生产发展的要求,经
营思想和经营方式还不适应商品交换日益扩大的需要,本身的管理制度、企业素质还不适应开放、搞活和竞争的形势。为适应城乡经济改革的形势,供销合作社的体制改革要按照中共中央《把农村改革引向深入》(中发〔1987〕5号)①文件的要求,继续深化。
一、要把供销合作社真正办成农民的合作商业组织
供销合作社由全民所有制恢复为集体所有制工作已有进展,但认识还未完全统一,内部和外部的关系还未完全理顺。当前要进一步明确供销合作社为集体所有制经济组织。真正体现社员是供销合作社的主人。为此,要在社员自愿的原则下,继续扩大吸收社员股金或采取集资形式兴办企
业。要发展农产品经营的联营制、代理制和按农产品交售量实行所得税后分红制,把单纯的买卖关系改为经营服务关系。对国家已经放开的商品,供销合作社有权实行自主经营,农民有权选择购销单位和购销方式。要严格按照社章办事,在业务经营、财务管理、领导班子的调整等方面,充
分尊重社员的民主权利。
供销合作社恢复集体所有制后,必须从全局出发,积极承担、保证完成国家交给的任务。同时,在供销合作社遵守国家政策法令的前提下,各地要切实保障其独立自主经营的权力。任何部门不得平调、转移和侵占供销合作社的资金(包括公积金和各种专用基金),不得随意安排、抽调
人员,不得限制其经营活动和改变隶属关系。各级供销合作社都要实行独立核算、自负盈亏、向国家纳税的制度。由于承担国家特殊任务和较大政策调整造成的损失,哪一级政府决定的由哪一级政府补偿。对过去由于调价等原因造成的经济损失,按一九八五年底帐面待处理损失数额,实行
挂帐停息、由中央财政减少银行的利息收入。对国家委托购销和储备的商品,由有关部门协商签订协议,共同组织实施。
二、继续完善为农村商品生产服务体系  供销合作社要充分运用遍布城乡的网点、人员、资金和设施等有利条件,逐步建立起以产品为龙头的生产、加工、运销等多功能的服务体系。一是以县市为单位,根据当地条件,合理规划,抓住几项工农业骨干产品,实行小集中的专业化生产
。二是在自愿原则下,组织生产者建立不同产品的生产专业协会,或按照合作社的组织原则,建立专业合作社。三是通过产销合同,提供生产物资、生产技术、储藏运输、产品加工和开拓销路的服务,逐步把分散的家庭生产同社会的大市场联结起来,使农村商品生产得以稳定发展。
对于农副产品的经营,应根据不同特点,采取不同方式。对于直接进入市场或工厂的鲜活商品和某些工业原料,可以实行代理制;对于某些季节生产、常年需要的大宗农产品和一地生产多地需要的土特产品,可以采取自营或联营;对于需要进行加工的农产品,要积极为农民开展代加工
、代销售业务。
要从提供信息、原材料和推销产品等方面积极支持乡镇企业发展。还可以根据自愿互利原则,发展同乡镇企业的经济联合,兴办一些股份制联营企业,把双方的优势紧密结合起来,做到互相促进,共同为发展农村经济服务。
现有的仓库、运输工具等经营设施,要对社会开放,开展代储、代运业务,支持农村商品生产。
三、发展横向经济联合,改革经营体制  长期以来,各级供销合作社的所属企业大多是按行政区建立的,不适应横向经济联合发展的需要,必须逐步加以改革。要积极发展跨部门、跨地区的多形式、多层次的横向经济联合,发展多种流通方式。
彻底放开基层供销合作社的经营,增强自我发展的活力,使其真正成为独立核算、自负盈亏、自主经营的企业。一是扩大农村代购代销店和分销店的经营范围和服务项目(包括提供信息、指导生产、联结商路等),为千家万户提供综合服务。二是打破行政区的限制,把按行政区建立的
基层社逐步调整为按经济区建社,扩大经营服务能力。有条件的地方,要积极兴办综合商场和农产品批发市场。三是在业务经营上,凡是基层社自己能办的,就应放手让基层社自己去办;需要县联合社办的,可以采取县联合社与基层社联营等办法,让利于基层。四是在保持各自隶属关系不
变的前提下,发展同信用合作社的经济联合,为发展农村商品生产服务。
县以上联合社应按照自下而上、自愿联合的原则办成经济实体。其主要职能是:组织、协调、指导和监督社员社的工作,保护所在地区范围内供销合作社的合法权益;为社员社提供业务经营、储藏运输、职工培训等服务;办理社员社无力经营的各项业务和商品储备任务;自办或联办具
有一定规模的农产品加工企业。为适应区域性产品调剂、运输、储藏等业务的需要,经营服务机构应相应调整,该充实的充实,该撤并的撤并。调整后的经营机构作为联社经济实体的组成部分,发挥群体优势,增强综合服务能力。
对于某些产地比较集中的产品,在自愿互利的原则下,可以组建跨地区、跨部门的专业企业联合集团,组织产销联营。在大中城市要逐步发展农副产品批发市场,发展产区和销区的直挂贸易。在经营方式上,可以联营、自营,也可以代购、代销。
无论农产品经营,还是工业品经营,都要积极推行分购联销或联购分销的经营方式,减少中间环节,合理处理利益的分配,调动各方面的积极性。
四、积极推行经营责任制,改革管理制度  推行企业经营责任制,把企业的责、权、利紧密结合起来,是调动职工积极性、搞活企业的根本措施。一是有计划、有步骤地推行理事会主任(公司经理、工厂厂长)负责制,实行主任(经理、厂长)任期目标责任制和经济审计制,把任期
目标的执行情况,作为考核、任免领导干部的主要依据。二是要普遍推行多种形式的经营责任制,责任要具体,指标要合理,组织要落实,分配要兑现。三是要结合供销合作社特点,逐步地进行劳动工资制度改革。要正确贯彻按劳分配的原则,积极探索适合供销合作社特点的工资总额与经
济效益挂钩的具体办法。企业内部分配,允许根据行业特点自行确定。四是对小型饮食、服务、修理和零售门店,可按国营小型商业企业改革办法试行租赁制。对于长期亏损、产不抵债、经整顿无效的基层企业,可以按照社章规定,经社员代表大会民主讨论,宣布解散或重新组合。
五、健全社章社法,坚持民主管理制度  供销合作社作为民间群众经济组织,必须按照合作社的组织原则,制定社章社法,坚持民主管理制度,给其成员以管理权。各级供销合作社社员代表大会,是同级供销合作社的最高权力机构。有关业务经营、财务管理、盈余分配、人事调整等
重大问题,必须经社员代表大会讨论和确认。理事会、监事会必须经社员代表大会选举产生,对社员代表大会负责。理、监事会的主要领导人,在任职期间应保持稳定,不要轻易调动。
目前,不少地方试行将现行的理事会、监事会改组为社务管理委员会,要认真总结经验。管委会成员必须由社员代表大会选举产生,作为社员代表大会闭会期间的集体领导机构,实行主任招聘制和主任负责制。基层供销合作社管委会成员要有三分之二是农民社员,县以上联合社的管委
会成员要有三分之二来自社员社,以保证决策能反映民意,符合实际。



1987年6月10日
下载地址: 点击此处下载

国家税务总局关于印发《征收个人所得税若干问题的规定》的通知(附英文)

国家税务总局


国家税务总局关于印发《征收个人所得税若干问题的规定》的通知(附英文)

1994年3月31日,国家税务总局

通知
各省、自治区、直辖市税务局,各计划单列市税务局,海洋石油税务管理局各分局:
现将我们制定的《征收个人所得税若干问题的规定》印发给你们,请认真遵照执行。本规定自一九九四年一月一日起施行。
附件:《征收个人所得税若干问题的规定》

征收个人所得税若干问题的规定
为了更好地贯彻执行《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》(以下简称税法)及其实施条例(以下简称条例),认真做好个人所得税的征收管理,根据税法及条例的规定精神,现将一些具体问题明确如下:
一、关于如何掌握“习惯性居住”的问题
条例第二条规定,在中国境内有住所的个人,是指因户籍、家庭、经济利益关系而在中国境内习惯性居住的个人。所谓习惯性居住,是判定纳税义务人是居民或非居民的一个法律意义上的标准,不是指实际居住或在某一个特定时期内的居住地。如因学习、工作、探亲、旅游等而在中国境外居住的,在其原因消除之后,必须回到中国境内居住的个人,则中国即为该纳税人习惯性居住地。
二、关于工资、薪金所得的征税问题
条例第八条第一款第一项对工资、薪金所得的具体内容和征税范围作了明确规定,应严格按照规定进行征税。对于补贴、津贴等一些具体收入项目应否计入工资、薪金所得的征税范围问题,按下述情况掌握执行:
(一)条例第十三条规定,对按照国务院规定发给的政府特殊津贴和国务院规定免纳个人所得税的补贴、津贴,免予征收个人所得税。其他各种补贴、津贴均应计入工资、薪金所得项目征税。
(二)下列不属于工资、薪金性质的补贴、津贴或者不属于纳税人本人工资、薪金所得项目的收入,不征税:
1.独生子女补贴;
2.执行公务员工资制度未纳入基本工资总额的补贴、津贴差额和家属成员的副食品补贴;
3.托儿补助费;
4.差旅费津贴、误餐补助。
三、关于在外商投资企业、外国企业和外国驻华机构工作的中方人员取得的工资、薪金所得的征税的问题
(一)在外商投资企业、外国企业和外国驻华机构工作的中方人员取得的工资、薪金收入,凡是由雇佣单位和派遣单位分别支付的,支付单位应依照税法第八条的规定代扣代缴个人所得税。按照税法第六条第一款第一项的规定,纳税义务人应以每月全部工资、薪金收入减除规定费用后的余额为应纳税所得额。为了有利于征管,对雇佣单位和派遣单位分别支付工资、薪金的,采取由支付者中的一方减除费用的方法,即只由雇佣单位在支付工资、薪金时,按税法规定减除费用,计算扣缴个人所得税;派遣单位支付的工资、薪金不再减除费用,以支付全额直接确定适用税率,计算扣缴个人所得税。
上述纳税义务人,应持两处支付单位提供的原始明细工资、薪金单(书)和完税凭证原件,选择并固定到一地税务机关申报每月工资、薪金收入,汇算清缴其工资、薪金收入的个人所得税,多退少补。具体申报期限,由各省、自治区、直辖市税务局确定。
(二)对外商投资企业、外国企业和外国驻华机构发放给中方工作人员的工资、薪金所得,应全额征税。但对可以提供有效合同或有关凭证,能够证明其工资、薪金所得的一部分按照有关规定上交派遣(介绍)单位的,可扣除其实际上交的部分,按其余额计征个人所得税。
四、关于稿酬所得的征税问题
(一)个人每次以图书、报刊方式出版、发表同一作品(文字作品、书画作品、摄影作品以及其他作品),不论出版单位是预付还是分笔支付稿酬,或者加印该作品后再付稿酬,均应合并其稿酬所得按一次计征个人所得税。在两处或两处以上出版、发表或再版同一作品而取得稿酬所得,则可分别各处取得的所得或再版所得按分次所得计征个人所得税。
(二)个人的同一作品在报刊上连载,应合并其因连载而取得的所有稿酬所得为一次,按税法规定计征个人所得税。在其连载之后又出书取得稿酬所得,或先出书后连载取得稿酬所得,应视同再版稿酬分次计征个人所得税。
(三)作者去世后,对取得其遗作稿酬的个人,按稿酬所得征收个人所得税。
五、关于拍卖文稿所得的征税问题
作者将自己的文字作品手稿原件或复印件公开拍卖(竞价)取得的所得,应按特许权使用费所得项目征收个人所得税。
六、关于财产租赁所得的征税问题
(一)纳税义务人在出租财产过程中缴纳的税金和国家能源交通重点建设基金、国家预算调节基金、教育费附加,可持完税(缴款)凭证,从其财产租赁收入中扣除。
(二)纳税义务人出租财产取得财产租赁收入,在计算征税时,除可依法减除规定费用和有关税、费外,还准予扣除能够提供有效、准确凭证,证明由纳税义务人负担的该出租财产实际开支的修缮费用。允许扣除的修缮费用,以每次800元为限,一次扣除不完的,准予在下一次继续扣除,直至扣完为止。
(三)确认财产租赁所得的纳税义务人,应以产权凭证为依据。无产权凭证的,由主管税务机关根据实际情况确定纳税义务人。
(四)产权所有人死亡,在未办理产权继承手续期间,该财产出租而有租金收入的,以领取租金的个人为纳税义务人。
七、关于如何确定转让债权财产原值的问题
转让债权,采用“加权平均法”确定其应予减除的财产原值和合理费用。即以纳税人购进的同一种类债券买入价和买进过程中交纳的税费总和,除以纳税人购进的该种类债券数量之和,乘以纳税人卖出的该种类债券数量,再加上卖出的该种类债券过程中交纳的税费。用公式表示为:
纳税人购进
一次卖出 的该种类债券买
某一种类 入价和买进过程中 一次卖出 卖出该种类
债券允许 交纳的税费总和 的该种类 债券过程中
扣除的买 = --------------------×债券的数+交纳的税费
入价和 纳税人购进的该 量
费 用 种类债券总数量
八、关于董事费的征税问题
个人由于担任董事职务所取得的董事费收入,属于劳务报酬所得性质,按照劳务报酬所得项目征收个人所得税。
九、关于个人取得不同项目劳务报酬所得的征税问题
条例第二十一条第一款第一项中所述的“同一项目”,是指劳务报酬所得列举具体劳务项目中的某一单项,个人兼有不同的劳务报酬所得,应当分别减除费用,计算缴纳个人所得税。
十、关于外籍纳税人在中国几地工作如何确定纳税地点的问题
(一)在几地工作或提供劳务的临时来华人员,应以税法所规定的申报纳税的日期为准,在某一地达到申报纳税的日期,即在该地申报纳税。但准予其提出申请,经批准后,也可固定在一地申报纳税。
(二)凡由在华企业或办事机构发放工资、薪金的外籍纳税人,由在华企业或办事机构集中向当地税务机关申报纳税。
十一、关于派发红股的征税问题
股份制企业在分配股息、红利时,以股票形式向股东个人支付应得的股息、红利(即派发红股),应以派发红股的股票票面金额为收入额,按利息、股息、红利项目计征个人所得税。
十二、关于运用速算扣除数法计算应纳税额的问题
为简便计算应纳个人所得税额,可对适用超额累进税率的工资、薪金所得,个体工商户的生产、经营所得,对企事业单位的承包经营、承租经营所得,以及适用加成征收税率的劳务报酬所得,运用速算扣除数法计算其应纳税额。应纳税额的计算公式为:
应纳税额=应纳税所得额×适用税率--速算扣除数



适用超额累进税率的应税所得计算应纳税额的速算扣除数,详见附表一、二、三。
十三、关于纳税人一次取得属于数月的奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红的征税问题
纳税人一次取得属于数月的奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红,一般应将全部奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红同当月份的工资、薪金合并计征个人所得税。但对于合并计算后提高适用税率的,可采取以月份所属奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红加当月份工资、薪金,减去当月份费用扣除标准后的余额为基数确定适用税率,然后,将当月份工资、薪金加上全部奖金或年终加薪、劳动分红,减去当月份费用扣除标准后的余额,按适用税率计算征收个人所得税。对按上述方法计算无应纳税所得额的,免予征税。
十四、关于单位或个人为纳税义务人负担税款的计征办法问题
单位或个人为纳税义务人负担个人所得税税款,应将纳税义务人取得的不含税收入换算为应纳税所得额,计算征收个人所得税。计算公式如下:
1.应纳税所得额=(不含税收入额--费用扣除标准--速算扣除数)÷(1--税率)
2.应纳税额=应纳税所得额×适用税率--速算扣除数



公式1中的税率,是指不含税所得按不含税级距(详见所附税率表一、二、三)对应的税率;公式2中的税率,是指应纳税所得额按含税级距对应的税率。
十五、关于纳税人所得为外国货币如何办理退税和补税的问题
(一)纳税人所得为外国货币并已按照中国人民银行公布的外汇牌价以外国货币兑换成人民币缴纳税款后,如发生多缴税款需要办理退税,凡属于1993年12月31日以前取得应税所得的,可以将应退的人民币税款,按照缴纳税款时的外汇牌价(买入价,以下同)折合成外国货币,再将该外国货币数额按照填开退税凭证当日的外汇牌价折合成人民币退还税款;凡属于1994年1月1日以后取得应税所得的,应直接退还多缴的人民币税款。
(二)纳税人所得为外国货币的,发生少缴税款需要办理补税时,除依照税法规定汇算清缴以外的,应当按照填开补税凭证前一月最后一日的外汇牌价折合成人民币计算应纳税所得额补缴税款。
十六、关于在境内、境外分别取得工资、薪金所得,如何计征税款的问题
纳税义务人在境内、境外同时取得工资、薪金所得的,应根据条例第五条规定的原则,判断其境内、境外取得的所得是否来源于一国的所得。纳税义务人能够提供在境内、境外同时任职或者受雇及其工资、薪金标准的有效证明文件,可判定其所得是来源于境内和境外所得,应按税法和条例的规定分别减除费用并计算纳税;不能提供上述证明文件的,应视为来源于一国的所得,如其任职或者受雇单位在中国境内,应为来源于中国境内的所得,如其任职或受雇单位在中国境外,应为来源于中国境外的所得。
十七、关于承包、承租期不足一年如何计征税款的问题
实行承包、承租经营的纳税义务人,应以每一纳税年度取得的承包、承租经营所得计算纳税,在一个纳税年度内,承包、承租经营不足十二个月的,以其实际承包、承租经营的月份数为一个纳税年度计算纳税。计算公式为:
应纳税所得额=该年度承包、承租经营收入额--(800×该年度实
际承包、承租经营月份数)
应纳税额=应纳税所得额×适用税率--速算扣除数
十八、关于利息、股息、红利的扣缴义务人问题
利息、股息、红利所得实行源泉扣缴的征收方式,其扣缴义务人应是直接向纳税义务人支付利息、股息、红利的单位。
十九、关于工资、薪金所得与劳务报酬所得的区分问题
工资、薪金所得是属于非独立个人劳务活动,即在机关、团体、学校、部队、企事业单位及其他组织中任职、受雇而得到的报酬;劳务报酬所得则是个人独立从事各种技艺、提供各项劳务取得的报酬。两者的主要区别在于,前者存在雇佣与被雇佣关系,后者则不存在这种关系。
二十、以前规定与本规定抵触的,按本规定执行。
税率表一
(工资、薪金所得适用)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | 速算 |
|级数| 含税级距 | 不含税级距 |税率(%)| 扣除数 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
|1 |不超过500元的 |不超过475元的 | 5 | 0 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过500元至 |超过475元至 | | |
|2 |2000元的部分 |1825元的部分 | 10 | 25 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过2000元至 |超过1825元至 | | |
|3 |5000元的部分 |4375元的部分 | 15 | 125 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过5000元至 |超过4375元至 | | |
|4 |20000元的部分 |16375元的部分| 20 | 375 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过20000元至 |超过16375元至| | |
|5 |40000元的部分 |31375元的部分| 25 |1375 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过40000元至 |超过31375元至| | |
|6 |60000元的部分 |45375元的部分| 30 |3375 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过60000元至 |超过45375元至| | |
|7 |80000元部分 |58375元的部分| 35 |6375 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过80000元至 |超过58375元至| | |
|8 |100000元的部分|70375元的部分| 40 |10375|
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过100000元 |超过70375元的| | |
|9 |的部分 |部分 | 45 |15375|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
注:1.表中所列含税级距与不含税级距,均为按照税法规定减除有关费用后的所得额。
2.含税级距适用于由纳税人负担税款的工资、薪金所得;不含税级距适用于由他人(单位)代付税款的工资、薪金所得。
税率表二(个体工商户的生产、经营所得和对企事业单位的承包经营、承租经营所得适用)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | 速算 |
|级数| 含税级距 | 不含税级距 |税率(%)| 扣除数 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
|1 |不超过5000元的 |不超过4750元的| 5 | 0 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过5000元至 |超过4750元至 | | |
|2 |10000元的部分 |9250元的部分 | 10 | 250 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过10000元至 |超过9250元至 | | |
|3 |30000元的部分 |25250元的部分| 20 |1250 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过30000元至 |超过25250元至| | |
|4 |50000元的部分 |39250元的部分| 30 |4250 |
|----|--------------------|------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过50000元 |超过39250元的| | |
|5 |的部分 |部分 | 35 |6750 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
注:1.表中所列含税级距与不含税级距,均为按照税法规定减除有关
费用(成本、损失)后的所得额。
2.含税级距适用于个体工商户的生产、经营所得和由纳税人负担税款的承包经营、承租经营所得;不含税级距适用于由他人(单位)代付税款的承包经营、承租经营所得。
税率表三
(劳务报酬所得适用)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | 速算 |
|级数| 含税级距 | 不含税级距 |税率(%)| 扣除数 |
|----|--------------------|--------------------|----------|----------|
|1 |不超过20000元的|不超过16000元的| 20 | 0 |
|----|--------------------|--------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过20000元至 |超过16000元至 | | |
|2 |50000元的部分 |37000元的部分 | 30 |2000 |
|----|--------------------|--------------------|----------|----------|
| |超过50000元的 |超过37000元的 | | |
|3 |部分 |部分 | 40 |7000 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
注:1.表中的含税级距、不含税级距,均为按照税法规定减除
有关费用后的所得额。
2.含税级距适用于由纳税人负担税款的劳务报酬所得;
不含税级距适用于由他人(单位)代付税款的劳务报酬所得。

CIRCULAR ON PRINTING AND ISSUING THE REGULATIONS ON SOME ISSUESCONCERNING THE LEVY OF INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAX

(State Administration of Taxation: 31 March 1994 Coded Guo Shui Fa[1994] No. 089)

Whole Doc.
To the tax bureaus of various provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities, to the tax bureaus of various cities with independent
planning and to various sub-bureaus of the Offshore Oil Tax
Administration:
The Regulations on Some Issues Concerning the Levy of Individual
Income Tax we have formulated is hereby printed and issued to you, please
conscientiously put it into practice. These Regulations go into effect on
January 1, 1994.
REGULATIONS ON SOME ISSUES CONCERNING THE LEVY OF INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAX
In order to better implement the Individual Income Tax Law of the
People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as Tax Law) and
Regulations for Its Implementation (hereinafter referred to as
Regulations), conscientiously do a good job of the collection and
management of individual income tax, in the spirit of the stipulations of
the Tax Law and Regulations, some specific questions are hereby clarified
as follows:
I. The question concerning how to understand "habitual residence"
Article 2 of the Regulations stipulates that individuals who have
residences within the territory of China refer to those individuals who
live habitually within the territory of China because they have
households, families and relations of economic interests, the term
"habitual residence" is a standard of a legal significance which is used
to determine whether the tax payer is a resident or non- resident, not
refer to the actual residence or the apartment in a particular period. For
example, those individuals who live outside China due to study, work,
visiting relatives or tour, after the end of these activities, the reasons
for them to live outside China no longer exist and therefore must return
to live within China, then China is the country of the tax payer's
habitual residence.
II. The question concerning the levy of tax on the income from wages and
salaries
Item 1 in Clause 1 of Article 8 of the Regulations clearly stipulates
the concrete contents of the income gained from wages and salaries and the
tax- levying scope, tax shall be levied strictly in accordance with the
stipulations. As to the question regarding whether some specific income
items such as subsidies and allowances should be included into the
tax-levying scope related to income gained from wages and salaries, the
matter shall be handled and implemented in light of the following
conditions:
(1) Article 13 of the Regulations stipulates that the special
government allowances issued in accordance with the State Council
stipulations and the subsidies and allowances on which individual income
tax are exempt according to State Council stipulation shall be exempt from
individual income tax. Tax shall be levied on various other subsidies and
allowances which shall be included into the items of wage and salary
incomes.
(2) The following subsidies and allowances essentially not belonging
to wage and salary or not belonging to income gained from the tax payer's
own wage and salary are exempt from tax:
1. One-child subsidies;
2. The balance of subsidies and allowances not included in the total
amount of basic wage for implementing the public functionary wage system
and non-staple food subsidies for family members;
3. Nursery subsidies;
4. Travel expense allowances and subsidies for missing the meal.
III. Question concerning the levy of tax on the wage and salary income
earned by Chinese personnel working with enterprise with foreign
investment, foreign enterprises and foreign organizations in China
(1) For those wage and salary income gained by Chinese personnel
working with enterprise with foreign investment, foreign enterprises and
foreign organizations in China which are paid respectively by the hiring
unit and dispatching unit, the paying unit shall withhold the individual
income tax in accordance with the stipulations of Article 8 of the Tax
Law. According to the stipulations of Item 1 of Clause 1 of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the balance after deducting the prescribed expense from the
whole monthly wage and salary incomes shall be taken as the taxable amount
of income. To facilitate the collection and management of tax, with regard
to the wages and salaries paid respectively by the hiring unit and the
dispatching unit, the method of deducting expenses from the payer, that
is, when wages and salaries are paid only by the hiring unit, expenses are
deducted in accordance with the stipulation of the Tax Law and individual
income tax is calculated and withheld; expenses are no longer be deducted
from the wages and salaries paid by the dispatching unit, the full amount
of payment is used to directly determine the applicable tax rate and
calculate and withhold individual income tax.
The above-mentioned tax payer shall bring with him the original
detailed wage and salary lists (documents) provided by the two paying
units and the original tax payment certificate and select the tax
authorities as the fixed place where he shall declare his monthly wage and
salary income and make the final settlement of individual income tax on
his wage and salary incomes, any overpayment refunded or any deficient
payment supplemented. The concrete time limit for declaration shall be
determined by the tax bureaus of various provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities.
(2) Full amount of tax shall be levied on the wage and salary incomes
issued to Chinese personnel by enterprise with foreign investment, foreign
enterprises and foreign establishments in China. But for those who can
provide effective contracts or related certificates which can prove they
have turned over part of their wage and salary income to the dispatching
(recommending) units in accordance with relevant stipulations, individual
income tax can be calculated and levied on the balance after deducting
that part they have actually turned over to the higher authorities.
IV. The question concerning the levy of tax on income from contribution
fees
(1) The same works (written works, calligraphy and paintings, photos
as well as other works) published by an individual each time in the forms
of books, newspapers and magazines, whether the contribution fees are paid
in advance or in several sums by the publisher, or further contribution
fees are paid after more copies of the work are printed, individual income
tax shall be calculated and levied lump sum on the combined income gained
from contribution fees. In terms of income gained from contribution fees
for the same works published or republished in two or more places,
individual income tax may be calculated and levied on separate incomes
gained from different places or from republication.
(2) For an individual's same work published in instalments in
newspapers or magazines, all incomes gained from contribution fees paid
for the works published in instalments shall be combined in lump sum,
individual income tax on which shall be calculated and levied in
accordance with the stipulations of the Tax Law. The income gained from
contribution fees paid for the book published after the work is published
in instalments, or income gained from contribution fees paid for the book
first published and then published in installments shall be regarded as
contribution fees paid for the second edition on which individual income
tax shall be calculated and levied on each time contribution fees are
paid.
(3) After the death of the author, if the contribution fees paid for
the posthumous works, individual income tax shall be levied on the
contribution fees.
V. The question concerning tax levied on income gained from the
auctioning of manuscripts
For the income gained by the author who openly sells the original
copies or replicas of his own written works (at competitive price),
individual income tax shall be levied on the income gained from royalties.
VI. The question concerning tax levied on income from the lease of his
property
(1) The tax and the key construction funds for the state's energy and
communications, the state budgetary regulatory funds and additional
education fees paid by the tax payer in the course of leasing property may
be deducted from the income gained from the lease of his property if he
holds the certificate showing that he has paid tax (and the required
funds).
(2) When calculating and levying tax on the income gained from the
lease of the property of the tax payer, apart from the prescribed expenses
and related tax and fees that can be deducted according to law, it is
permissible to deduct the actual betterment fees paid for that leased
property by the tax payer who can provides effective and accurate
certificates proving that the expenses are borne by him. The betterment
fees allowed to be deducted is limited to 800 yuan each time, the
betterment fees which cannot be fully deducted at one time are allowed to
be deducted the next time until they are completely deducted.
(3) A tax payer whose income from the lease of property is confirmed
shall have the property right certificate as the basis, when such property
right certificate is lacking, the tax payer shall be determined by the
competent tax authorities in light of the actual conditions.
(4) When the owner of the property right dies, during the period when
the procedures for inheritance to the property rights have not as yet been
performed, if there is income gained from the lease of that property, the
individual who receives the rent shall be the tax payer.
VII. The question concerning how to determine the original value of the
creditor property transferred.
For the transfer of creditor's rights, the weighted average method is
adopted to determine the original value of property and reasonable
expenses which shall be deducted. This means, the total of the buying
price paid by the tax payer for the purchase of the kind of bonds and the
tax paid in the purchasing course divided by the total of the amount of
that kind of bonds purchased by the tax payer and multiplied by the amount
of that kind of bonds sold by the tax payer and plus the tax paid in the
course of selling that kind of bonds. This is indicated by the following
formula:
The total of
the buying
price paid
by the tax
payer when
The buying purchasing that
price and kind of bonds
expenses and the tax paid The tax
allowed to in the course The amount paid in
be deducted of purchase of that kind the course
for the = ----------------- x of bonds sold + of buying
certain kind The total amount at one time that kind
of bonds of that kind of of bonds
sold at bonds purchased
one time by the tax payer
VIII. The question concerning tax levied on the director fees
For the income derived from the director fees gained by an individual
for assuming the post as a director is essentially income belonging to
labor service remuneration, individual income tax is levied in accordance
with the item of income from labor service remuneration.
IX. The question concerning tax levied on the income gained by an
individual from different items of labor service remunerations
The "same item" mentioned in Item 1, Clause 1 of Article 21 of the
Regulations refers to a certain single item among the listed concrete
labor service items related to income from labor service remuneration, for
an individual who concurrently has income from different labor service
remunerations, expenses should be subtracted separately and individual
income tax shall be calculated and paid.
X. The question concerning how to determine the place for tax payment by
a foreign tax payer who works in several places in China
(1) Foreign personnel who temporarily come to China to work at
several places or provide labor services shall take the date prescribed by
the Tax Law for declaration of tax payment as the standard and declares to
pay tax at a certain place where the date for declaration of tax payment.
But he is allowed to file an application, After the application is granted
approval, he may declare tax payment at a fixed place.
(2) For foreign tax payers to whom wages and salaries are issued by
foreign enterprises or working bodies in China, the foreign enterprises or
working bodies in China shall declare tax payment with local tax
authorities for all these foreign tax payers.
XI. The question concerning tax levied on bonuses issued
When a shareholding enterprise distributes dividends and bonuses, the
due dividends and bonuses (i. e., issuing bonuses) are paid in the form of
shares to individual share-holders, the face value of the shares issued as
bonuses shall be taken as the amount of income, and individual income tax
shall be calculated and levied in light of the items of interest,
dividends and bonuses.
XII. The question concerning calculation of the payable tax amount by
using the method of rapid calculation of deducted amount
In order to simplify the calculation of the payable amount of
individual income tax, the payable tax amount can be calculated by the
method of rapid calculation of the deducted amount related to the income
from wages and salaries, the income from production and management of
individual industrial and commercial units, the income earned by
enterprises or institutions from contracting and leasing business to which
the progressive rates levied on income in excess of specific amounts are
applicable, as well as income from labor service remuneration to which the
rate of addition collection is applicable. The formula for calculating the
payable tax amount is given as follows:
Payable tax amount = taxable income amount x applicable tax
rates-rapid calculation of deducted amount
The rapid calculation of deducted amount for calculating payable tax
amount for the taxable income to which the progressive rates are levied on
income in excess of specific amounts, for details see attached Tables 1, 2
and 3.
XIII. The question concerning tax levied on bonuses for several months
earned lump sum by the tax payer or on additional year-end salary and
labor dividends
With regard to the bonuses belonging to several months or additional
year-end salary and labor dividends gained lump sum by the tax payer,
generally individual income tax is calculated and levied on the whole
bonuses or additional year-end salary and labor dividends together with
the wage and salary of the current month. But when the applicable tax rate
is raised after calculation of the combined amount, individual income tax
may be calculated and levied at the applicable tax rate by using monthly
bonuses or additional year-end salary and labor dividends to add the
current month wage and salary and subtract the balance of the current
month expenses deducted according to standard, the balance is regarded as
the base number to determine the applicable tax rate, then the current
month wage and salary is used to add the whole bonuses or additional
year-end salary and labor dividends and to subtract the balance of the
current month expenses deducted according to standard. If there is no
amount of taxable income calculated according to the above-mentioned
method. tax is exempt.
XIV. The question concerning the method for calculating and levying tax
borne by a unit or individual who is the tax payer
For the individual income tax payment borne by a unit or an
individual who is the tax payer, the income not containing tax gained by
the tax payer shall be converted into a taxable income amount on which
individual income tax shall be calculated and levied. The calculation
formula is given as follows:
(1) Payable income amount =
(the income amount not containing tax -
expense deducting standard -
rapid calculation deducted amount) -
(1 - tax rate)
(2) Taxable amount =
taxable income amount x applicable tax rate -
the rapid calculation deducted amount
The tax rate in formula (1) refers to the tax rate corresponding to
the grade difference not containing tax (for detail see attached tax rate
Tables 1, 2, and 3) on the income not containing tax; the tax rate in
formula (2) refers to the tax rate corresponding to the grade difference
containing tax on the amount of taxable income.
XV. The Question concerning how to handle tax reimbursement and tax
repayment for the income earned in foreign currency by the tax payer
(1) When the income is earned in foreign currency by the tax payer
and after tax is paid with Renminbi converted from the foreign currency in
accordance with the listed price published by the People's Bank of China,
if tax reimbursement is needed to be made for the extra tax payment, for
taxable income gained before December 31, 1993, the tax payment in
Renminbi which should be refunded can be converted into foreign currency
in accordance with the listed foreign exchange price (buying price, the
same below), at the time when tax is paid, then the amount of foreign
currency is converted into Renminbi in accordance with the listed foreign
exchange price on the day the tax reimbursement certificate is issued to
return the tax in Renminbi; for the taxable income gained after January 1,
1994, the extra tax payment in Renminbi shall be refunded directly.
(2) For the tax payer who earned income in foreign exchange, when
there is the need to repay tax for the underpaid tax, besides a final
settlement should be made in accordance with the stipulations of the Tax
Law, it is necessary to convert the foreign currency into Renminbi in
accordance with the listed foreign exchange price on the last day of the
previous month when the tax repayment certificate is issued, calculate the
taxable income amount and repay tax.
XVI. The question concerning how to calculate and levy tax on the wage
and salary income gained respectively from inside and outside China.
For a tax payer who has wage and salary income gained simultaneously
from inside and outside China, it is necessary to follow the principle
stipulated in Article 5 of the Regulations to judge whether the income
gained from inside and outside China is income derived from one country.
When the tax payer can provide effective certificate proving that he holds
a post or is hired simultaneously inside and outside China as well the
wage and salary standard, his income can be determined as income derived
from both inside and outside China, the expenses shall be subtracted
separately in accordance with the stipulations of the Tax Law and
Regulations and tax payment should be calculated; for those who fail to
provide the above-mentioned certificate, the income shall be regarded as
income earned from one country, if the unit where he holds a post or is
hired is outside China, the income shall be regarded as income earned from
outside China.
XVII. The question concerning how to calculate and levy tax if the
contracting or leasing period is less than one year
For a tax payer who engages in the contracting and leasing business,
the income gained from the contracting and leasing business on a
tax-paying year basis shall be used to calculate tax payment, within one
tax-paying year, if the contracting or leasing operation is less than 12
months, the number of months for the actual contracting and leasing
operation is taken as a tax-paying year to calculate tax payment. The
calculation formula is as follows:
The taxable income amount = the income amount from that year's
contracting and leasing operation - (800 x the number of months of actual
contracting and leasing operation in that year)
Taxable amount = taxable income amount x applicable tax rate- rapid
calculation deducted amount
XVIII. The question concerning interest, dividend and bonus
withholding agent The levying method of source withholding is
instituted for interest, dividend and bonus incomes, the withholding
agent should be the unit which directly pay interest, dividend and bonus
to the tax payer.
XIX. The question concerning the difference between wage and salary
income and income from labor service remuneration
Wage and salary income belongs to non-independent individual labor
service activity, that is the remuneration gained from the post an
individual holds in or is hired by a government office, organization,
school, army unit, enterprise, institution as well as other organizations;
income from labor service is the remuneration gained from various
mechanical arts an individual is independently engaged in and from various
labor services he provides. The differences between the two lie in: the
former has the relationship between the hirer and the hired, the latter
does not have such relationship.
XX. If previous regulations conflict with these Regulations, these
Regulations shall be acted upon.

Tax Rate Table 1

不分页显示   总共2页  1 [2]

  下一页

北京市人民代表大会常务委员会关于废止《北京市征收城市容纳费条例》的决定

北京市人大常委会


北京市人民代表大会常务委员会关于废止《北京市征收城市容纳费条例》的决定
北京市人民代表大会常务委员会



《北京市征收城市容纳费条例》已由北京市第十一届人民代表大会常务委员会第九次会议于1999年3月30日决定废止,现予公告。


北京市第十一届人民代表大会常务委员会第九次会议决定废止《北京市征收城市容纳费条例》。
本决定自公布之日起施行。



1999年3月30日